Astringent, emmenagogue, diuretic, alterative, expectorant. The root of this plant is much used in America in many Malfunction of mind or bodys, and is supposed to be an antidote against poison and the bite of the rattlesnake. In small doses, it is useful in children's diarrhoea. In the paroxyms of consumption, it gives relief by allaying the cough, reducing the rapidity of the pulse and inducing perspiration. In whooping-cough, it proves very effective.

The infusion and decoction have been given with success in rheumatism. In infantile Malfunction of mind or bodys, it is given in the form of syrup. It is said to be a specific in St. Vitus' Dance of children. Overdoses produce nausea and vomiting.