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Benefits
Supports immune function*
Agaricus blazei has been the subject of research in Japan, where investigations
have focused on the role of mushroom polysaccharides as "biological response
modifiers that can stimulate immune function.
Studies have shown that beta
glucans extracted from Agaricus are the active polysaccharides, with 1,6 beta-glucan
as the most potent immunomodulator.3 Fungi-derived beta glucans have been found
to stimulate the release of tumor necrosis factor from immune cells called
"macrophages."4 While activating the immune response to abnormal cells, beta
glucans have no effect on normal cells.5 Additional experiments have shown that
Agaricus blazei activates the alternative complement pathway, which is an
important part of the body’s immune defense against foreign organisms.6 Agaricus
extracts have demonstrated an ability to help maintain cellular health through
an antimutagenic effect on cells.2,7 In the test tube, isolated fractions of
Agaricus blazei have been found to inhibit proliferation of white blood cells
and cytokines that can cause inflammation if over expressed. These results
suggest Agaricus may help regulate immune over-activity.8
Liver protection against toxins*
A water extract of Agaricus blazei was tested on rat liver cells exposed to the
toxic chemical diethylnitrosamine (DEN). Rats were administered the mushroom
extract for two weeks and then injected with the toxin. Compared to control rats
that did not receive the extract, the rats given Agaricus showed markedly less
liver damage. Different doses of the toxin where used to gauge the level of
protection exerted by the mushroom. Liver enzymes were lower in rats that
received moderate, but not high, doses of the toxin, leading researchers to
conclude that Agaricus protects against moderate, but not severe,
chemical-induced liver toxicity. No adverse effects were seen.9
A group of medical researchers in China has reported that 10 hepatitis patients
given Agaricus blazei showed improvements in liver function and hematology
tests.10
Scientific References
1. Menoli, R. et al. Antimutagenic effects of the mushroom Agaricus blazei
Murrill extracts on V79 cells. Mutation Research 2001; 496:5-13.
2. Takeshi, T, Kimura, Y, Okuda, H. Isolation of an antitumor compound from
Agaricus blazei Murrill and its mechanism of action. J. Nutr. 2001;131:1409-13.
3. Ohno, N, et al. Antitumor beta-glucan from the cultured fruit body of
Agaricus blazei. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 2001;24(7):820-28.
4. Olson. E, et al. Fungal beta-glucan interacts with vitronectin and stimulates
tumor necrosis factor release from macrophages. Infection and Immunity 1996;
64:3548-54.
5. Fujimiya, Y, et al. Tumor-specific cytocidal and immunopotentiating effects
of relatively low molecular weight products derived from the Basidiomycete,
Agaricus blazei Murril. Anticancer Research 1999;19:113-18.
6. Shimizu, S, et al. Activation of the alternative complement pathway by
Agaricus blazei Murrill Phytomedicine 2002; 9(6):536-45.
7. de Olivera, JM, et al. Antigenotoxic effects of aqueous extracts of sun
mushroom (Agaricus blazei Murrill lineage 99/26) in mammalian cells in vitro.
Food and Chemical Toxicology 2002; 40:1775-80.
8. Kuo, Y-C, et al. Cell cycle progression and cytokine gene expression of human
peripheral blood mononuclear cells modulated by Agaricus blazei. J Lab Clin Med
2002; 140:176-87.
9. Barbisan, LF, et al. Influence of aqueous extract of Agaricus blazei on rat
liver toxicity induced by different doses of diethylnitrosamine. Journal of
Ethnopharmacology 2002; 83:25-32.
10. Li Rong, W, et al. Observation on the treatment effect of Agaricus blazei
Murrill to the liver function of chronic hepatitis patients. Unpublished report.
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